Effects of Streaming on the Music Industry

Effects of Streaming on the Music Industry In the past couple of years, streaming has become one of the main ways to listen to music. With streaming is it having an Effect on the music industry that we have come to know of. This point has many Positive and Negative statement about the effects on the music industry. Some of the main Streaming Sites or Apps are Spotify, Pandora and Apple Music. With these streaming sites, many of the CEOs believe that their apps have helped the music industry from going into a decline in most of its sales. Or Artists believe it is helping the profile platform for Musicians. Results from streaming in the past couple of years are that the rates of piracy have heavily declined because of Apps like Spotify and Pandora. Spotify has been one of the main impacts on the music industry from 2015, Due to its free subscription to stream music. CEO of Spotify Daniel Ek, claiming Now, finally, after years and years of decline, music is growing again, streaming is behind the growth in music, and Spotify is behind the growth in streaming.(Hassan, C, 2016) Lars Ulrich drummer of Metallica believes Streaming is a good way for musicians and artist to get a higher profile on themselves. He also states Its a choice for the fan to be part of, its a choice for the artists who are involved in making their music available on streaming services. Its a choice by the record companies that represent the artist. Fifteen years ago those choices didnt exist.(BBC news) But besides all these Positives there have been many negative remarks on the topic. When Apple music did their 3-month free trial, the apple artist wasnt actually getting paid for the music that the members were streaming. Which has made a contribute to Taylor Swift pulling her music off of Apple music because of a high based disagreement over payment. Payment is also a factor that most people disagree with when it comes to Spotify or Apple Music. When a some is played on Spotify it has to be running for more than 30secs for the artist to get paid which can go from $0.004 for the smaller artist to $0.0084 for the well-known artist. Which in conclusion has made some famous artist non-eager to join Spotify. In the US the revenue for music sale has been hovering are $7Bil since 2010, which only went up by less than one percent from 2014 to 2015 to $7.02Bil. With this, Cds and Downloads have started to become abounded as streaming has now risen to become one of the number one platforms for music listeners. With all the contributing statements Does streaming effect the music industry you can tell that most people are with thinking that it is positive or negative, but you do get people who think that it is both with good reason to back themselves up. in future years to come will we see a drastic change in the music industry thanks to streaming?. Bibliography: Hassan, C, 2016 Spotify CEO Claims the Music Industry Would Be Dead Without Spotify http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/02/17/71963/ Jones, R, 2016 Online Streaming drives increase in Australian Music Industry http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-04-11/online-streaming-drives-increase-in-australian-music-industry/7314660 Sisario, B Russell, K, 2016 Music sales remain steady but lucrative cd sales decline Is streaming good for Music 2015 http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-33526045 Iahn, B Streaming effect on the music industry https://themusicuniverse.com/streamings-effect-on-the-music-industry/ Wolf-Mann, E, 2015 Spotify Music Industry Revenues http://time.com/money/4086968/spotify-music-industry-revenues/ University, A, 2016 How streaming is changing the music industry http://au.blogs.american.edu/audio-technology/how-streaming-is-changing-the-music-industry/ Ellis-Petersen, H, 2016 Streaming revenues bring big boost to global music industry https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/apr/12/streaming-revenues-bring-big-boost-to-global-music-industry

Last Sacrifice Chapter Thirty-six

I'D OFTEN DREAMED ABOUT waking up with Dimitri, waking up in a way that was †¦ ordinary. Sweet. Not because we were hastily trying to catch sleep before fighting our next foe. Not because we were recovering from sex we had to hide, sex laden with baggage and myriad complications. I just wanted to wake up together, in his arms, and have it be a good morning. Today was that day. â€Å"How long have you been awake?' I asked drowsily. My head was on his chest, and I was wrapped against him as best as I could manage. My wounds were healing rapidly but still had to be babied. We'd found a few creative workarounds last night. Sunlight now spilled in through the windows, filling my bedroom with gold. He was watching me in that quiet, solemn way of his, with those dark eyes that were so easy to get lost in. â€Å"A little while,' he admitted, lifting his gaze to the sunlight-filled window. â€Å"I think I'm still on a human schedule. Either that, or my body just wants to be up when the sun is. Seeing it is still amazing to me.' I stifled a yawn. â€Å"You should have gotten up.' â€Å"I didn't want to disturb you.' I ran my fingers over his chest, sighing in contentment. â€Å"This is perfection,' I said. â€Å"Is every day going to be like this?' Dimitri rested his hand on my cheek and then moved down, tipping my chin up. â€Å"Not every day but most days.' Our lips met, and the warmth and light in the room paled compared to what burned inside me. â€Å"I was wrong,' I murmured when we finally broke the long, languid kiss. â€Å"This is perfection.' He smiled, something he was doing an awful lot of lately. I loved it. Things would probably change once we were back out in the world. Even if we were together now, Dimitri's guardian side would always be there, ready and watchful. But not right now. Not in this moment. â€Å"What's the matter?' he asked me. With a start, I realized I'd begun to frown. I tried to relax my face. Unbidden, Adrian's words had come back to me, that the next time I was in bed with Dimitri, I should think about others who weren't so lucky. â€Å"Do you think I ruin lives?' I asked. â€Å"What? Of course not.' The smile changed to shock. â€Å"Where would you get that idea?' I shrugged. â€Å"There are just a lot of people whose lives are still kind of a mess. My friends, I mean.' â€Å"True,' he said. â€Å"And let me guess. You want to fix everyone's problems.' I didn't answer. Dimitri kissed me again. â€Å"Roza,' he said, â€Å"it's normal to want to help the people you love. But you can't fix everything.' â€Å"It's what I do,' I countered, feeling a little petulant. â€Å"I protect people.' â€Å"I know, and that's one of the reasons I love you. But for now, you only have to worry about protecting one person: Lissa.' I stretched out against him, noticing my injuries really were constantly improving. My body would be able to do all sorts of things soon. â€Å"I suppose that means we can't stay in bed all day?' I asked hopefully. â€Å"Afraid not,' he said, lightly running his fingertips along the curve of my hip. He never seemed to get tired of studying my body. â€Å"They come first.' I brought my mouth back toward his. â€Å"But not for a little while.' â€Å"No,' he agreed. His hand slid up to the back of my neck, tangling in my hair as he drew me closer. â€Å"Not for a little while.' I had never attended a royal coronation before, and honestly, I hoped I never would again. I only wanted there to be this one queen ruling in my lifetime. Eerily, the coronation was kind of a reverse of Tatiana's funeral. What was the old saying? The queen is dead. Long live the queen. Custom dictated the monarch-to-be spend the first part of the coronation day at the church, presumably to pray for guidance, strength, and all that spiritual stuff. I wasn't sure what custom did in the case of atheist monarchs. Probably they faked it. With Lissa, who was fairly devout, I knew that wasn't a problem and that she was probably legitimately praying she'd do a good job as queen. After the vigil, Lissa and a huge procession walked back across Court to the palace building, where the crowning took place. Representatives from all the royal families joined her, along with musicians who were playing much more cheerful tunes than they had for Tatiana's procession. Lissa's guardians–she had a fleet now–walked with her. I was among them, wearing my finest black and white, including the red collar marking me as a royal guardian. Here, at least, was a notable difference from the funeral. Tatiana had been dead; her guardians were for show. Lissa was very much alive, and even if she'd won the Council's vote, she still had enemies. My colleagues and I were on high alert. Not that you'd think we needed to be, not with the way the onlookers cheered. All those who had camped out during the trials and election had stayed for this fanfare, and more had shown up still. I wasn't sure when there'd ever been this many Moroi in one place. After the long and winding walk, Lissa made it to the palace building and then waited in a small antechamber adjacent to what served as the Moroi throne room. The throne room was almost never used for modern business, but every once in a while–like a new queen being sworn in–the Moroi liked to pull out ancient traditions. The room was small and couldn't hold all the witnesses from outside. It couldn't even hold the entire procession. But, the Council and highest-ranking royal members were there, along with some select invitees of Lissa's. I stood off to the side, watching the glamour unfold. Lissa hadn't made her grand entrance yet, so there was a low hum of conversation. The room was all green and gold, having been given a thorough and fast remodel in the last few days, since custom dictated the ruling family's colors dominate the throne room. The throne itself sat high against the far wall, accessible by steps. Carved of wood I could no longer identify, I knew the throne had been carried around the world by Moroi monarchs for centuries. People were lining up in carefully assigned positions, preparing for when Lissa would enter last. I was studying one of the new chandeliers, admiring how realistic the â€Å"candles' in it looked. I knew they were electric, but the craftsmen had done amazing work. Technology masked in old-world glory, just as the Moroi liked. A small nudge drew my attention away. â€Å"Well, well, well,' I said. â€Å"If it isn't the people responsible for unleashing Rose Hathaway on the world. You've got a lot to answer for.' My parents stood before me in their typical and wildly contrasting clothing. My mom wore the same guardian outfit I did, a white shirt with black slacks and jacket. Abe was †¦ well, Abe. He had on a black pinstripe suite, with a black dress shirt underneath. Splashed against the darkness was a bright, lemon-yellow paisley tie. A matching handkerchief peeped out one of the jacket's pockets. Along with his gold earrings and chains, he also wore a black fedora, which was a new addition to his outlandish wardrobe. I guess he wanted to go all out for an event like this, and at least it wasn't a pirate hat. â€Å"Don't blame us,' said my mother. â€Å"We didn't blow up half of Court, steal a dozen cars, call out a murderer in the middle of a crowd, or get our teenage friend crowned queen.' â€Å"Actually,' said Abe, â€Å"I did blow up half of Court.' My mom ignored him, her expression softening as she studied me with her guardian eyes. â€Å"Seriously †¦ how are you feeling?' I'd seen them only briefly in the days since waking up, just enough for us all to check in on each other. â€Å"You're doing an awful lot of standing today. And I've already told Hans not to put you on active duty for a while.' It was one of the most motherly things I'd ever heard her say. â€Å"I †¦ I'm fine. A lot better. I could go on active duty right now.' â€Å"You will do no such thing,' she said, in exactly the tone she'd use giving orders to a troop of guardians. â€Å"Stop coddling her, Janine.' â€Å"I'm not coddling her! I'm looking out for her. You're spoiling her.' I looked back and forth at them in amazement. I didn't know if I was witnessing a fight or foreplay. I wasn't thrilled about either option. â€Å"Okay, okay, just back off you guys. I survived, right? That's what counts.' â€Å"It is,' said Abe. He suddenly seemed very fatherly, which weirded me out even more than my mom's behavior. â€Å"And despite the property damage and string of broken laws left in your wake, I'm proud of you.' I suspected that secretly, he was proud of me because of those things. My cynical interior commentary was brought to a halt when my mom concurred. â€Å"I'm proud too. Your methods were †¦ not ideal, but you did a great thing. Great things, really. Finding both the murderer and Jill.' I noticed her careful wording of â€Å"the murderer.' I think it was still hard for all of us to accept the truth about Tasha. â€Å"A lot will change because of Jill.' All of us looked over at the foot of the throne. Ekaterina stood on one side, ready with the book of royal vows. The other side was where members of the monarch's family stood–but only one lone person was there. Jill. Someone had done a great job of cleaning her up. Her curly hair had been elaborately styled and pinned, and she wore a knee-length sheath dress with a wide portrait style collar, just barely showing off her shoulders. The dress's cut made the most of her lanky figure, and the dark green satin looked great with her features. She was standing straight, chin high, but there was anxiety all over her, made more obvious by her being so conspicuously alone. I glanced back at Abe, who met my eyes expectantly. I had a lot of questions for him, and he was one of the few who might tell me the truth. The decision was: which question to ask? It was like having a genie. I'd only get so many wishes. â€Å"What will happen to Jill?' I asked at last. â€Å"Will she just go back to school? Are they going to train her to be a princess?' Lissa couldn't be both princess and queen, so her old title went to the next-oldest member of her family. Abe didn't answer for several moments. â€Å"Until Lissa can get the law changed–and hopefully, she will–Jill is all that allows her to keep her throne. If something happens to Jill, Lissa will no longer be queen. So. What would you do?' â€Å"I'd keep her safe.' â€Å"Then you have your answer.' â€Å"It's kind of a broad one,' I said. â€Å"†Safe' means a lot of things.' â€Å"Ibrahim,' warned my mother. â€Å"Enough. This isn't the time or place.' Abe held my gaze a bit longer and then broke into an easy smile. â€Å"Of course, of course. This is a family gathering. A celebration. And look: here's our newest member.' Dimitri had joined us and wore black and white like my mother and me. He stood beside me, conspicuously not touching. â€Å"Mr. Mazur,' he said formally, nodding a greeting to both of them. â€Å"Guardian Hathaway.' Dimitri was seven years older than me, but right then, facing my parents, he looked like he was sixteen and about to pick me up for a date. â€Å"Ah, Belikov,' said Abe, shaking Dimitri's hand. â€Å"I'd been hoping we'd run into each other. I'd really like to get to know you better. Maybe we can set aside some time to talk, learn more about life, love, et cetera. Do you like to hunt? You seem like a hunting man. That's what we should do sometime. I know a great spot in the woods. Far, far away. We could make a day of it. I've certainly got a lot of questions I'd like to ask you. A lot of things I'd like to tell you too.' I shot a panicked look at my mother, silently begging her to stop this. Abe had spent a good deal of time talking to Adrian when we dated, explaining in vivid and gruesome detail exactly how Abe expected his daughter to be treated. I did not want Abe taking Dimitri off alone into the wilderness, especially if firearms were involved. â€Å"Actually,' said my mom casually. â€Å"I'd like to come along. I also have a number of questions–especially about when you two were back at St. Vladimir's.' â€Å"Don't you guys have somewhere to be?' I asked hastily. â€Å"We're about to start.' That, at least, was true. Nearly everyone was in formation, and the crowd was quieting. â€Å"Of course,' said Abe. To my astonishment, he brushed a kiss over my forehead before stepping away. â€Å"I'm glad you're back.' Then, with a wink, he said to Dimitri: â€Å"Looking forward to our chat.' â€Å"Run,' I said when they were gone. â€Å"If you slip out now, maybe they won't notice. Go back to Siberia.' â€Å"Actually,' said Dimitri, â€Å"I'm pretty sure Abe would notice. Don't worry, Roza. I'm not afraid. I'll take whatever heat they give me over being with you. It's worth it.' â€Å"You really are the bravest man I know,' I told him. He smiled, his eyes falling on a small commotion at the room's entrance. â€Å"Looks like she's ready,' he murmured. â€Å"I hope I am,' I whispered back. In true grandiose fashion, a herald brought the room to attention. Perfect silence fell. You couldn't even hear breathing. The herald stepped back from the door. â€Å"Princess Vasilisa Sabina Rhea Dragomir.' Lissa entered, and even though I'd seen her less than half an hour ago, I still caught my breath. She was wearing a formal gown but had once again dodged sleeves. No doubt the dress-maker had had a fit. The dress was floor-length, with a skirt of silk and chiffon layers that moved and fluttered around Lissa as she strode forward. The fabric was the same jade as her eyes, as was the dress's top, with a halter collar covered in emeralds that gave the illusion of a necklace. Matching emeralds covered the dress's belt, and bracelets completed the display. Her hair was worn long, brushed out to gleaming, platinum perfection, an aura unto itself. Christian walked beside her, a sharp contrast with his black hair and dark suit. Customs were being modified significantly today since a family member normally would have escorted Lissa, but †¦ well, she was kind of running out. Even I had to admit he looked amazing, and his pride and love for her shone on his face–no matter what troubled feelings stirred within him over Tasha. Lord Ozera, I remembered. I had a feeling that title would become more and more important now. He led Lissa to the base of the throne and then joined the Ozera delegation in the crowd. Ekaterina made a small gesture to a large satin pillow on the floor in front of the steps. â€Å"Kneel.' There was the briefest hesitation on Lissa's part, one I think only I noticed. Even without the bond, I was so attuned to her mood and tiniest actions that I could pick up on these things. Her eyes had gone to Jill. Lissa's expression didn't change, and it was so strange not to know her feelings. I could make some educated guesses. Uncertainty. Confusion. Again–the pause was only a moment long. Lissa knelt, artfully spreading her skirts around her as she did. Ekaterina had always seemed so frail and wizened in that testing room, but as she stood there with the ancient Moroi coronation book, I could sense a power still within the former queen. The book was in Romanian, but Ekaterina translated it effortlessly as she read aloud, beginning with a speech about what was expected of a monarch and then going to the vows Lissa had to swear to. â€Å"Will you serve?' â€Å"Will you protect your people?' â€Å"Will you be just?' There were twelve in all, and Lissa had to answer â€Å"I will' three times to each one: in English, in Russian, and in Romanian. Not having the bond to confirm her feelings was still so strange, but I could see on her face that she meant every word she said. When that part finished, Ekaterina cued Jill forward. Since I'd last noticed the girl, someone had given her the crown to hold. It had been custom-made for Lissa, a masterpiece of white and yellow gold intertwined with emeralds and diamonds. It complemented her outfit beautifully, and, I noticed with a start, Jill did too. Another tradition was that the monarch was crowned by a family member, and this was what Jill had been saved for. I could see her hands tremble as she laid the bejeweled wonder on her sister's head, and their gazes met briefly. A flash of troubled emotions swirled in Lissa's eyes once more, gone quickly as Jill stepped back and the weight of the ceremony took precedence. Ekaterina held out her hand to Lissa. â€Å"Rise,' she said. â€Å"You will never kneel to anyone again.' Holding Lissa's hand, Ekaterina turned so that they both faced the rest of us in the room. With a voice startling for her small body, Ekaterina declared, â€Å"Queen Vasilisa Sabina Rhea Dragomir, first of her name.' Everyone in the room–except Ekaterina–dropped to their knees, heads bowed. Only a few seconds passed before Lissa said, â€Å"Rise.' I'd been told this was at the monarch's discretion. Some new kings and queens enjoyed making others kneel for a long time. Paperwork followed, which we all watched dutifully as well. Basically, it was Lissa signing to say she'd been made queen while Ekaterina and a couple witnesses signed that they'd seen Lissa made queen. Three copies were on the ornate paper Moroi royalty so loved. One was plain white letterhead, which would go to the Alchemists. When the signing was done, Lissa took her place on the throne, and seeing her ascend those stairs was breathtaking, an image that would stay with me for the rest of my life. The room broke out into cheers and clapping as she settled into the ornate chair. Even the guardians, who normally stayed so deadly serious, joined in the applause and celebration. Lissa smiled at everyone, hiding whatever anxiety she felt. She scanned the room, and her grin broadened when she saw Christian. She then sought me out. Her smile for him had been affectionate; mine was a bit humorous. I smiled back, wondering what she would say to me if she could. â€Å"What's so funny?' asked Dimitri, looking down at me with amusement. â€Å"I'm just thinking about what Lissa would say if we still had the bond.' In a very bad breach of guardian protocol, he caught a hold of my hand and pulled me toward him. â€Å"And?' he asked, wrapping me in an embrace. â€Å"I think she'd ask, â€Å"What have we gotten ourselves into?† â€Å"What's the answer?' His warmth was all around me, as was his love, and again, I felt that completeness. I had that missing piece of my world back. The soul that complemented mine. My match. My equal. Not only that, I had my life back– my own life. I would protect Lissa, I would serve, but I was finally my own person. â€Å"I don't know,' I said, leaning against his chest. â€Å"But I think it's going to be good.' First and foremost, thank you to all of the loyal and enthusiastic readers around the world who have accompanied Rose and me throughout the series. I couldn't have made this journey without you and hope you'll continue to enjoy the many Moroi and dhampir adventures to come. Thank you also to all of the friends and family who have supported me–especially my husband, who continually amazes me with his patience, love, and ability to live with the ups and downs of a â€Å"creative type.' A special shout-out also goes to Jesse McGatha for creating the forest riddle, something I could never have come up with, let alone solve. And as always, I'm grateful to the publishing folks who work behind the scenes to make these books happen: Jim McCarthy–my agent, occasional therapist, and non- stop advocate; Lauren Abramo, who keeps finding more countries I've never heard of to send Rose to; Jessica Rothenberg and Ben Schrank, editors extraordinaire whom I'm pretty sure forego food and sleep to perfect these books; and publicist Casey McIntyre, who organizes my tours and interviews, with great care to arrange them around my hair appointments. A final thanks to all the others who work on this series at Penguin Books, Dystel & Goderich Literary Management, and my international publishers. There are far too many of you to list, but all of you are essential in telling Rose's story. Thank you.

Simulate a Dice Roll With C Code

This application uses the srand() function to seed the random number generator. The function Random(n) returns an integer in the range of 1 to n. The int array totals holds the total counts for the scores 3 to 18. It then loops 10 million times. This number is defined as a const but if your compiler doesnt support const, uncomment the #define instead. Each dice, d1, d2 and d3 holds the Random() generated dice roll die roll and the element for the combined dice score (in the range 3-18) is incremented. The last part prints out the totals to see that it generates throws in accordance with the probabilities. A 6 sided dice has an average score of 3.5, so three dice should average about 10.5. The totals for 10 and 11 are roughly the same and occur about 12.5% of the time. Here is the output of a typical run. It takes no more than a second. Rolling Ten Million Dice 3 461304 1386085 2772786 4626077 6953818 9720209 115834710 125367111 124926712 115648013 97200514 69287415 46245216 27757517 13914218 46163 // dicerolls.c :#include time.h /* Needed just for srand seed */#include stdlib.h#include stdio.hconst tenmillion 1000000L;/* #define tenmillion 10000000L */void Randomize() {srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) ) ;}int Random(int Max) {return ( rand() % Max) 1;}int main(int argc, char* argv[]){int i;int totals[19];printf(Rolling Ten Million Dice\n) ;Randomize() ;for (i3;i18;i)totals[ i ]0;for (i0;i tenmillion;i){int d1Random(6) ;int d2Random(6) ;int d3Random(6) ;int totald1d2d3;totals[ total ];}for (i3;i18;i){printf(%i %i\n\r,i,totals[ i ]) ;}return 0;}

Preservation and Conservation

Reaction Paper on the Movie, Fireproof - 761 Words

The movie, Fireproof, has a very sensitive theme because it focuses on relationships on husband and wife. On the early scene, it is shown that Capt. Caleb Holt of the Albany’s Fire Department Station One’s chief. He has the motto of â€Å"Never leave your partner behind†. He has earned many respect in his career and in his community except in his household were he and his wife, Catherine Holt, always fight because they’re fighting over, mostly about financial problems and Caleb’s addiction to internet pornography. After the argument, Catherine decided to have a divorce. This is very striking because this happens not only in this movie, it is also happening in reality were married couples gone separate because of individual’s differences and†¦show more content†¦He also smashes his computer to pieces with a baseball bat in order to remove the temptation of viewing internet pornography. Regardless, Catherine, who is led by some colleagues to think that Caleb did all these things with an ulterior motive in mind, is still intent on divorce. When she later finds out that the equipment needed for her mother s medical care has been paid for in full, she arranges a lunch date with Dr. Keller, thinking that he was the benefactor. Caleb discovers Dr. Keller s relationship with Catherine and immediately informs him that he won t let him have Catherine without a fight. Dr. Keller, who does not want to be an obstacle in their marital squabbles and is already married anyway, quietly breaks off his relationship with Catherine. Caleb later finds Catherine at home sick, and decides to take care of her. At this point she asks Caleb why he has changed his behavior, and he mentions the Love Dare. Caleb then fully apologizes to Catherine for his past selfishness. Days later, Catherine learns that of the $24,300 cost of her mother s medical equipment, Dr. Keller gave only $300 and Caleb gave $24,000, exhausting his boat savings. At this point she becomes convinced that his desire to change was sincere. Ashamed at her inability to think that Caleb s change in behavior was genuine, Catherine digs out her ring, dresses herself up nicely and puts on make-up, and rushes to her husband s fireShow MoreRelatedOn God and Relationships1922 Words   |  8 Pages We love because He first loved us. (1John 4:19) I believe and also hope that all dating relations are built upon love and trust. When you start having feelings for someone, some chemical reaction triggers in your body and you start wanting to get closer to that person. You want to know more about them, and also how they feel about you. When both of you have the same feeling, people start to date and do the deeper stuff. But the question is, what really is dating? Is it just going out with

Administrative Management Critical Analysis Free Essays

Adam Bartoshesky November 17, 2012 MAN 3025 Writing Assignment #4 Critical Analysis The University of North Florida’s Academic Integrity Code gives students and faculty members in-depth descriptions of what exactly the code is, the ways in which the code can be broken, and the actions and consequences which result from breaking it. The code’s purpose is, â€Å"to protect the integrity of the teaching and learning process† (â€Å"Academic integrity code,†). This document lacks a persuasive tone and thus is essentially free from any biases. We will write a custom essay sample on Administrative Management Critical Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now It uses strong language and concision in order to outline what students and faculty members should do in an instance of academic dishonesty. The code’s unbiased nature and clarity combine to make it a reliable document that can be referred to by both UNF students and faculty members in order to maintain foster learning. UNF’s Academic Integrity Code’s strengths are its detail and clarity, its openness, and its good intentions. It is impossible for the document to better explain the overall process of cheating, how it is handled, and the appeal process. Another strong point of the code is that it gives the student’s teacher freedom in how they want to handle the situation. There are five different forms of apprehension listed in the code that the teacher can choose from which range in seriousness. The teacher can do anything from lower the student’s grade for the single exercise they broke the academic code on, to giving the student an unforgivable ‘F’ for the course. It is evident that a third strength of the document is that its sole purpose is to create a better teaching and learning environment. UNF has not established this code in order to reprimand students, but rather to enhance their education by clearly stating what they should avoid while enrolled at UNF. Although the Academic Integrity Code has many strengths, it also has weakness. The main weakness that I located in the code is that the overall process of reprimanding and appealing academic dishonesty can be time consuming. There are numerous steps that each have an allotted amount of days to be completed. Also read: Advantages and Disadvantages of Administrative Management These steps include the student appealing the teacher’s initial actions, and then waiting for a new faculty member to review it and come to a new conclusion; in which case the student can appeal it once more. This process can continue up the UNF administration hierarchy until the case finally reaches the UNF President. The president has the final say in the matter. If each step is taken and the maximum amount of days to complete each step is used, the case can be under review for 205 days. That is an absurd amount of time to decide the outcome of a student’s academic misconduct. By the time it is settled, the student could have already finished one semester and been well on his or her way to completing another. At this point, I think it is unfair to give the student a consequence like being expelled from the school because they have already dedicated much of their time to another semester’s course load. After examining and evaluating The University of North Florida’s Academic Integrity Code, I have concluded that its strengths far outweigh its weaknesses. I could only find one weakness in the document whereas I was able to locate many strengths. Also, after further review, even though the process of appealing can take up to 205 days; it is unlikely that this will occur. I concur that this code is a very effective source without any significant biases, and should be referred to frequently by all UNF students and faculty members in order to maintain an effective learning environment. Works Cited Education, (n. d. ). Academic integrity code and academic misconduct policies. Retrieved from The University of North Florida website: http://www. unf. edu/uploadedFiles/aa/enrollment/onestop/registrar/MisconductPolicy. pdf How to cite Administrative Management Critical Analysis, Essay examples

Understanding Bereavement and Sudden Death

Question: Describe about the Report for Understanding Bereavement and Sudden Death. Answer: Introduction One experience that is surely confirmed and will surely happen to every living organism is death. It is a naturally occurring phenomenon that death is confirmed and can be encountered at any stage of life. Being such a known and acceptable phenomenon, death is still a complicated one because its consequences can create complication like grief, bereavement, shock etc. in the life of the other individuals related to the descendant. Death can impact anything either stage or phase of life and it is generally unpredictable for people (Worden, 2013). In psychological studies, death is a complicated phenomenon that can bring grief in different multiple factors related to life, like personality, relationships, experiences, spirituality, beliefs, profession and much more (Simpson, 2012). Bereavement is a grief phase occurring after the death of any living organism. It is a natural process that is a form of reaction to the loss (death) in life. The bereavement can be a physical, psychological, social or emotional reaction that expresses the grief of death. Bereavement persists no symptoms, duration and frequency; this can be mild to disastrous either from short to the long time duration. It can occur in form of slow to quick reaction for sudden death. Bereavement establishes depending on the strength of the relation between the people who dies to the person who is in grief (Stroebe et al. 2013). This research paper focuses on understanding the bereavement and sudden death by analysing three critical case studies that are my personal and professional experiences of death and bereavement. A proper literature study is performed to understand the details of bereavement and death followed by explaining all the three case studies. These case studies are then compared to theories of death and bereavement to assure that provided concepts are correct or not. This critical analysis helps me to analyse their knowledge gained from studies about sudden death and bereavement. Aim and objectives This research paper aims to understand the concept and impact of bereavement and sudden death on the life of people by undertaking a critical analysis of three case studies that are either my personal or professional experiences in life. These case studies are analysed on the basis of literature related to bereavement and sudden death. To understand the impact of bereavement and sudden death on life of people To understand the basic theories of bereavement and death To understand the cultural context of how people deal with sudden death To understand different stages of bereavement and death To understand and compare the provided case studies with literature studies about bereavement and sudden death Literature study Concepts and definitions of bereavement and death According to Breen and O'Connor (2011), death is more than a biological phenomenon that involves sociological, political, psychological, spiritual and legal elements influencing bereavement. Bereavement is the mourning or grief that occurs specifically after the death of any person to the individual or group attached to that person. Bereavement is determined in the form of death reaction. Further, Foster et al. (2012) studied that bereavement assumptions and interpretation varies from culture to culture and individual to individual. According to Zisook (2012), bereavement is diagnosed as a Major Depressive Disorder with common symptoms like insomnia, appetite loss, loss of interest, sadness, silence etc. The four common zones of disruption after bereavement are dysphoria, social disruptions, cognitive disorganisation and health deficits. Brubaker et al. (2012) indicated that death is a simple termination of all biological functions occurring in a living machine just like switch on-off mechanism of a non-living machine. Further, Bremer et al. (2012) indicated that basic concept of death is that it is an irreversible cessation of functions in the living body leading to irreversible loss of personhood. Death persists a no subjective importance yet holds academic importance in psychological studies due to bereavement occurring as a consequence of death. Some psychologist considers death as the end of individual future whereas some say is a life cycle defect and it is also considered to be the end of existence. However, Breen and O'Connor (2011) indicated that death conceptualization is a critical process because to form a concept one should exist as an object or subject. But, death is neither an object nor a subject. According to Shear et al. (2013) death is a reality that can be sudden or expected, in both cases it is c hallenging. However, sudden death leads to no adjustments, assumptions, and no opportunities for creating emotional stability. Moos (2013) studied that sudden death is generally the outcomes of trauma, suicide, murder, disasters, accident and evidence-based outcome. This category of sudden death leads to deepest bereavement and complications. Therefore, sudden death is more linked to grief than expected death yet development of grief is possible in both situations of death. Theories of death and bereavement According to Nakajima et al. (2012) studies, there are two theories provided by Freud that clearly describe a proper understanding to death. As per Freud, there are two explanations for death in form of two theories, one is unconscious immortality and second is death instinct theory. As per first theory death of any individual does not persist a representation. As per clinical studies, attitudes towards death and studies of denial, death is considered immortal. However, this theory was criticised by various psychologist making Freud revise his theory. Further, Freud came up with a theory of instinct death, which is developed on the basis of dual instinct theory where death is considered purely true shock reaction that is biological not a clinical phenomenon. As per this theory, death is seen as a biological program rather than clinical or physical malfunction. Breen and O'Connor (2011) studied the theory of eternal life that describes the circle of life from the time of conception to the time of death. The circle starting from gestation to childhood to maturity involves different stages and phases of life development having only one termination point that is death. As per this theory, death, conception and judgement are three similar things in the circle of life. Further, Brubaker et al. (2012) mentioned about Buddhist theory of life, death and rebirth. As per this theory, there are three different views about death, some believe death is permanent and termination of everything, some believe that invisible world continues after death and last believe is that death is the transformation from one life to another. From past few decades, there has been intense research on the concept of bereavement that is now presented in form of certain theories and models that are popularly accepted by experts (Lindemann 1944, Kubler-Ross 1969, Parkes 1975, Bowlby 1980 and Worden 1991, Shut and Strobe 1999). These theories and models provide an acceptable approach for interpreting and managing explanation to bereavement. Previous grief theories were based on the behavioural and psychological reaction to grief but later these theories emphasised on the pathological and natural grief reactions (Parkes, 2013). According to Herberman et al. (2013), Scientist Freud (1961) studied about the pathological features of bereavement where people facing grief are clinically depressed and stress. Further, Lindemann (1944) with his theory identified the difference between pathological and normal grief based on parameters like grief duration, intensity and social functionality. Lindemann gave five phases of bereavement that described grief as somatic disturbance (clinical features like throat tightness, breath shortness, depression), deceased imagination and preoccupation, guilt, hostility feeling or anger and last phase is difficulty in daily routines. These phases indicate that bereavement is not only a clinical disturbance with no explanation for psychological, spiritual and mental disturbance occurring in bereavement. Kaplow and Layne (2014) studied about the Kubler-Ross five-stage model for understanding and coping with bereavement. As per this model, grief is a five-stage process that is Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression and Acceptance (DABDA) model. This model is also named as stage or phase model of bereavement because it describes all the stages of bereavement. The Denial stage involves the rejection of reality (death) by the vulnerable followed by the Anger phase where person-suffering grief becomes frustrated and angry because of rejection to their denial. In other words, anger is a reaction to overcome the acceptance of reality. Further, the Bargaining phase involves negotiations to avoid the cause of grief. However, bargaining is a feature indicating that vulnerable is recovering the grief because bargaining is a characteristic of a healthy mind. Further, Depression phase is to understand the reason for grief where vulnerable tries to recognise the reason for grief and starts to overc ome their denial. Lastly, Acceptance phase is the coping phase where individual finally accept the reality, situation and death. However, this model was criticised by another psychologist by indicating that stage of grief do not follow the similar phases in chronological order rather they overlap as per situation and loss. Secondly, phase model focussed more on the clinical impressions, not the empirical data to explain grief. Further, this model was considered too linear, passive and simple to underestimate the complexity of bereavement. Further, Shear (2012) opines that after the criticism of phase model, Bowlbys attachment theory gave a very acceptable interpretation to explain grief. As per Bowlbys theory of attachment and bonding, grief is the flexible and overlapping situation of shock, protest, despair and recovery. As per Bowlbys theory, bereavement is the outcome of past experience, attachment, mutual relationship and interactions. The main cause of bereavement is the detachment with the dead person that causes the birth of negativity in form of despair and protest. Similar to this theory, Parkes also proposed a four-stage model of grief, which involved shock, pining, despair and recovery. However, Parkes mentioned that grief is not a staged process rather it is a process that starts and end irrespective of time. According to Simon (2013) studies, Worden in 1991 developed the recovery theory of bereavement. As per this theory, there are four tasks to recover from grief, where task one is to accept the loss, task two is to work on the pain, task three is to adjust without the deceased person and lastly, task four is to move on or overcome the loss completely. This model completely focuses on the recovery process or stages of grief. Further, Dual process model of Shut and Strobe 1999 involves two-process model for grief recovery. These two processes are Loss-oriented processes and restoration-oriented processes. The loss-oriented process is a negative viewpoint process where vulnerable works through his grief and suffering to develop recovery. However, restoration-oriented process is completely positive where new strategies and living styles are adopted to overcome grief. Effects of death Death affects almost everything in the life of an individual moving from materialism to emotions because it directly affects the psychology of human mind. The effects of death are categorised as cognitive, physical, and behavioural based on the bereavement caused to the vulnerable. The cognitive effect involves preoccupation with the deceased, disbelief formation, symptoms of hallucination, confusion, memory loss, detachment from people, dreams of deceased and depersonalisation (Brubaker et al. 2012). Bell and Taylor (2011) studied some of the most noticeable physical effects of sudden death on people facing grief after the death. For this purpose a population of 50 vulnerable was targeted where each person was observed, analysed and questioned on the basis of grief symptoms. The most common physical effects of bereavement are numbness, feeling cold or hot, breath shortness, hollowness in the stomach, weak muscles, oversensitivity, dry mouth, lack of energy and appetite loss. Further, Gamino and Ritter (2012) studies about the behavioural effects of death that include sleep disorder, social isolation, morning awakening, searching deceased, restlessness, over activity, anger outburst, crying, lethargy, holding on the memories and objects of deceased. These are some of the most common effects of death that work as symptoms of bereavement. Cultural context and practices about death Lichtenthal et al. (2013) studied that different cultures share a different viewpoint about death as per their practices, beliefs and values. The Christianity, Judaism and Islam believe that soul remains after death making life as an immortal factor leading to the formation of grief. Further, Hinduism and Paganism supports reincarnation and Atheism consider death as the end of everything related to life. However, Buddhism shares a completely different viewpoint where the cycle of birth and death is explained indicating that reincarnation is achieved after one gets rid of birth to death cycle. Nakajima et al. (2012) indicated that this difference is cultural context also affects the bereavement process and reaction of people after a sudden death of closed once. The reactions and acceptance are highly dependent on this cultural context where people react as per their practices and beliefs, which they were taught since childhood (Brown, 2012). From this study, it is completely clear that bereavement and death is a complex phenomenon that involves various fluctuations, differences, modifications, exceptions and assumptions. As per my viewpoint, all the concepts and theories about bereavement are true and hold some sort of importance depending on the situation they are meant for. The research framework includes three personal and professional case study descriptions that are further evaluated on the basis of literature study performed in initial part of research. I have researched that how perfectly my life experiences about sudden death and bereavement are justified by these theories and studies about death and bereavement. Case studies Case study -1 This case study is my personal experience around 9 years ago when my husbands father, my father-in-law died due to his ill health suffering kidney failure, cancer and heart issues. He was always in the critical situation of life due to these chronic diseases and was preparing his children for unavoidable situations. However, still irrespective of this situation, after his death, my husband and other family members faced a shock and trauma. My husband faced a sudden grief in form of depression where he locked himself in a room and was silent, not ready to communicate or express his views. His reaction after attending the fathers funeral completely expressed his grief. Further, he was not able to cope up with his fathers death and was not able to accept his death. My husband came home picked our new-born baby (9months old) and sat on the floor for hours just holding his baby. However, this movement from his side was a sign of positivity or recovery where he was trying to assure his bab y that he will always be there for him. As per my viewpoint, the feeling of responsibility and maturity developed after the death of father helped my husband to recover. Further, the religious belief helped my husband to recover because his family is a believer of God. His religion and religious books, which he used to read, taught him a lot about death and bereavement. My husband started reading spiritual books that explained the concept of death and soul. These reading assured him about the liveliness, responsibilities and presence of his father irrespective of his physical disappearance helping him to recover grief. From my husbands grief, I learned that grief recovery is an automatic process that follows certain stages as described in theories of bereavement. Further, my sister-in-law being younger expressed her grief in a completely different manner that is anger, disapproval and despair for the present situation. She was angry with doctors, God and other family members. She was not able to accept the denial and was not able to deal with her anger due to small age. My sister-in-law was only 13 years by age and not having that sense of maturity to recover like her brother. Therefore, I helped her in recovery by counselling her as a mature person. I explained to her that her father is still supporting her, looking after her and no longer in pain. I told her that fathers soul with God is helping her, she can talk to him and he will surely listen because his soul is still alive. From this experience, I learned that some people express bereavement as anger especially people who are not able to understand the difference between reality and assumptions. The grief form of anger leads to hatred where people even start hating God and blame him for their suffering. However, blaming God for any situation either negative or positive is a natural phenomenon but in death bereavement it requires a control otherwise person develop negativity and depression towards life. Further, my mother-in-law suffered the most because her grief was the longest and deepest one. Suddenly, she became the man and woman of the family as well as father and mother of her children. She was managing everything along without a word of sorrow on her face. She lost her husband, yet a mature reaction shows her spirit and power to deal with grief. I tried my best to support and let there be happiness in her life and family. I worked hard to let all people understand the importance of uniting in the family for moving forward with this situation. However, such a loss cannot be recovered but it is still possible to live with this loss. With this amendment process, all the family members recovered their grief with time. All learned to live with the physical absence but spiritual presence of my father-in-law. As an outcome of the situation, my husband and his sister were more mature, responsible, family-oriented and independent people. My mother-in-law became a dynamic lady with po werful attitude. Therefore, lastly, I can say that loss of sudden death and bereavement brought exceptional quality after recovery in my family members. Case study- 2 Another lifetime experience, I attained that increased my knowledge and understanding about sudden death and grief is my colleague losing his child at a very young age. My colleague Tom and his wife Jenny lost their only child Jack who suffered a sudden accident while returning home from school. Jack was their only child; he was too young only 10 years by age. Tom was my batch mate as well as my colleague at my first job. Tom and jenny got married in their early twenties and had a child in very small age. These are factors that decreased their capability to cope up with such sudden death and they developed an extreme level of grief after the death of Jack. Jenny left her job and was send to the hospital almost 10 times after the death of her son, further following Tom he lost his complete grading and reputation for not concentrating on his work. I observed this situation in their life for almost 2 years. Both of them were in continuous depreciating situation physically, mentally as well as spiritually. With concern to their present situation, I suggested Tom about getting professional counselling for the welfare of his family. Tom agreed to my suggestion and went for professional counselling with Jenny. In almost 5 sessions, Tom started coping up with his past grief and sorrow of losing his child. He told me that he was feeling much better after professional sessions. However, Jennys recovery was not so positive, She was not able to cope and was having continuous thoughts like Why him, He was so young, My child, he is still alive, She once mentioned to counsellor that She saw Jack in the house twice or thrice after 6 months of his deat h. According to Jenny, Jack returned home and was physically present at home complete whole day until Tom arrived from office. This situation explained her deep grief and mental depression developed as an outcome of this grief. As the death of Jack was accidental such response from his mother was an expected one. As per counselling observations, Tom told me that he and Jenny developed guilt for the death of their child both confessed that they are not able to understand, where they went wrong in their parenthood. Jenny is a talkative personality; she kept on blaming Tom and herself for the death of Jack. To overcome this guilt, counsellor tried to establish recovery by determining goals for Tom and Jenny about why they want this counselling, what they wanted to achieve from this counselling and how they will know that they do not need this counselling further. Tom further told me that counsellor provided them knowledge about loss and grief to help in recovery and look forward to better future. Counsellor mentioned about five stages of grief and asked them to determine their stage of grief. This helped both in understanding their present situation. Tom acknowledged that both of them are in different stages of grief however their suffering was similar. To explain this counsellor told them that every person moves and expresses grief stages differently as per their perception, character, strength and conscious. Jenny was in the depression stage whereas Tom identified himself in the first stage of grief that is denial and anger. However, Tom already faced the stage of depression before denial in the first 6 months of bereavement. Therefore, their recovery was occurring in a different manner as per their mental stability. Soon after almost 1 year of counselling, Tom and Jenny started recovering their grief behaviour. Tom was getting back to normal in his professional and personal situation whereas Jenny was now at the stage of acceptance and out of her depression. As per counsellor and doctor advice, Tom and Jenny were planning another child as a conclusion to their recovery because the existence of another child will surely refill the emptiness of their family and life. Almost 4 years after the death of Jack, Tom and Jenny had another child and appearance of the new member in the family was an end to their grief. Case study- 3 As I was working as a deputy manager at one of the most reputed firms in my city there was a sudden incidence that completely shocked the whole organisation. It was a sudden death of my 50 years old CEO in the office premises due to heart failure. This created a shocking situation within the organisation. My CEO Sir, Michael was having a small family with a wife and a young son who just completed his post graduation. His name was Albert, he was our next CEO after Michael owning the huge responsibility in such a small age. Due to certain circumstances and professional decision, the board of directors considered Albert as a perfect replacement of Michael. However, Albert loved his father very much and he was not ready to overtake his position. Albert joined the organisation as per her mothers decision but his grief and sorrow due to death of his loving father were visible in his professional functionality, attitude and behaviour. It is always been said that after the sudden death of loved once, people need time to recover the bereavement occurring due to this loss. People undergo various modifications at their different stages of grief that can be confusing have feelings like anger, loneliness, sadness, silence etc. the stages of grief move from accepting the loss to experiencing, trying and developing recovery. I was able to observe these stages completely in case of Albert. Albert was going through his grief recovery process within his professional circumstances. After joining the office, Albert was behaving in a complete loss; he was confused, nervous, unpredictable and careless towards his responsibilities. He was not able to understand his work even after explaining it more than 5 times by me. I was always there as a helping hand both professionally and personally. But, still, I was not able to manage this situation of Albert because he needed professional help. On a very fine day, I explained Albert about his grief that is visible to complete organisation, which he needs to manage and cope up for the welfare of his fathers dream organisation. I explained Albert about how important this organisation was for his father where he was ready to sacrifice anything for this organisation. Albert listened to me and developed a feeling of guilt for not giving his complete attention towards his work. Albert was ready to quit his position and he remained silent was many days there after this incidence. I was also becoming hopeless and was not able to help Albert in any condition. However, as an account of stability, Albert worked upon his drawbacks. After few months, he was willingly participating in office activities and was observed to be better. Slowly and steadily after 6 months of Michaels death, Albert recovered from his grief and was ready to take his responsibility as a mature person. Albert was now a better person having a positive attitude towards life with no anger, confusion and denial regarding his professional responsibility. The good thing was that he recovered his grief by himself without any professional advice and co unselling, this explains his tremendous strength and willpower just like his father. In this case, I was practically able to observe all the stage of grief and bereavement as a personal experience. Evaluation of case studies by comparison between the examples relating them to theories All the above-described case studies are the personal and professional experience of sudden death and its consequences in form of bereavement occurring with people attached to the descendant. With reference to the case study one that was my personal experience of death and grief in my own family I observed that people have a different capability to cope up with their sorrow. This experience completely proves the fact mentioned in Lindemann (1944) theory that bereavement is a psychological phenomenon, which is indicated in form of phases. Not only case study one but all the case study proves that Lindemann phases of bereavement are completely correct. All the vulnerable or grief sufferers in all the case studies faced one or the other symptom of grief as mentioned by Lindemann. These symptoms are clinical, psychological, mental or spiritual but are related to their grief. In case study one, my husband developed depression, in case study two Tom developed stress, guilt and Jenny were i maging the deceased person and in case study three of Albert developed spiritual loneliness and mental depression. Further, case study one completely disproves the Kubler-Ross five-stage model where it is mentioned that bereavement is a five stage linear process. In the case study one, I observed bereavement recovery of three persons that are my husband, sister-in-law and mother-in-law. All the three completely their recovery irrespective of the five-stages model where her husband developed depression prior to bargaining and sister-in-law entered bargaining stage after the depression. My sister-in-law was in depression but positive counselling approach adopted by me helped her to bargain and accept the situation. Hence, Kubler-Ross five-stage model is a complete failure in this case. Further, all the case studies completely accept the Bowlbys attachment theory where it is observed that grief is an outcome of attachment, mutual relationship and interactions. In the case study one, I didnt go through any grief because I shared a low level of interaction with her father-in-law whereas other family members developed grief due to their attachment relationship with the deceased person. Further, in the case study two, Tom and Jenny had a strong relationship with their child; therefore they faced tremendous grief after his death and proved that Bowlbys theory of attachment is completely true explaining death and bereavement. The Parkers four-stage theory of shock, pining, despair and recovery was completely applicable to the case study of Tom and Jenny where they both followed this stage process model in recovery irrespective of start and end time of recovery. Further, Shut and Strobe 1999 theory describing two stage recovery processes that are the loss-oriented process and restoration oriented process are applied in case study two by the counsellor. The counsellor adopted a recovery-oriented process to let Tom and Jenny overcome their grief that ends up with having another child replacing the grief of their child loss as a restoration. Further, the professional counsellor in case study two also used Worden 1991 four-task recover from grief. The professional initiated recovery of Tom and Jenny by helping them to accept the loss, work with their own pain; start adjustment without Jack by getting the new child and move on in life with the new birth. However, case study three that was about Albert suffering grief of his fathers death proves the Kubler-Ross five-stage recovery process that is completely disproven in other two case studies. In the case of Albert, I personally experienced that his recovery was a self-recovery process that was a five-stage process involving denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance (DABDA) as a self-motivated phenomenon in the life of Albert. His recovery was a complete example of Kuble-Ross five stage recovery model. Hence, from the above evaluation, it is clear that all the theories somehow or the other fits into the grief explanation of different case studies depending upon the situation, suffering, vulnerability and perception of the bereavement person. Bereavement is a complex phenomenon that cannot be explained with the help of one theory or understanding because it is applicable to different human perceptions, attitudes, intuitions, behaviour, conscious, understanding and knowledge. Therefore, as all humans are not same their grief suffering and recovery is also not similar. The recovery fluctuates as per different factors leading to acceptance and rejection of different bereavement theories and explanations. Conclusion From the research study, it is clear that bereavement arising because of loss (death) is a complex phenomenon that is been explained by different scientific viewpoints and perceptions. Each scientific theory that is widely accepted to explain bereavement and death shows different understandings about death and explain bereavement in the best possible manner. In this research, three personal and professional experiences of mine about death and bereavement are evaluated as per these academic theories to understand death and bereavement. As per literature underpinning, the Lindemann 1944, Kubler-Ross five-stage model 1969, Bowlbys attachment theory, Worden 1991 recovery task theory, Parkers four-phase grief model and Strobe 1999 two-process model of recovery are best possible and acceptable theories that explain grief and death. However, each and every theory shares a different viewpoint and perception about the death, bereavement and recovery process. To test the acceptance and rejection of these theoretical perceptions, research is based on evaluating three case studies as per these theories. All the case studies support the Bowlbys attachment principle and Lindermann theory about grief. The case study one being my personal experience of grief completely rejects the Kubler-Ross five-stage recovery process whereas case study three about Albert proves that Kubler-Ross five-stage recovery is a perfect recovery process from grief. Further, case study one and two are perfect examples of Shut and Strobe 1999 two types recovery process where in case one loss recovery process and in case two restoration recovery process is used to recover. Further, case study two is a perfect acceptance of Worden 1991 task based recovery process and Parkers four-stage theory. Hence, this research based on case study evaluation about death and bereavement clearly indicate that all theoretical explanations are workable depending on the grief situation, vulnerable perception and attachment with the deceased person. From research study, it can be concluded that understanding about death and bereavement as per psychological concepts is a complex phenomenon that varies as per circumstances and understanding of human mind. Therefore, a more focused and specific approach based theory that is applicable to all situations is required to explain death and bereavement. However, still, the provided theories and models are satisfactory enough to understand bereavement in different situations. Bibliography Bell, E. and Taylor, S., 2011. Beyond letting go and moving on: New perspectives on organizational death, loss and grief.Scandinavian Journal of Management,27(1), pp.1-10. Breen, L.J. and O'Connor, M., 2011. Family and social networks after bereavement: experiences of support, change and isolation.Journal of Family Therapy,33(1), pp.98-120. Bremer, A., Dahlberg, K. and Sandman, L., 2012. Balancing between closeness and distance: emergency medical services personnels experiences of caring for families at out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and sudden death.Prehospital and disaster medicine,27(01), pp.42-52. Brown, E., 2012.Loss, change and grief: An educational perspective. Routledge. Brubaker, J.R., Kivran-Swaine, F., Taber, L. and Hayes, G.R., 2012, June. Grief-Stricken in a Crowd: The Language of Bereavement and Distress in Social Media. InICWSM. Daugirdait?, V., Van den Akker, O. and Purewal, S., 2015. Posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic stress disorder after termination of pregnancy and reproductive loss: a systematic review.Journal of pregnancy,2015. Dyregrov, K., Dyregrov, A. and Kristensen, P., 2015. Traumatic bereavement and terror: The psychosocial impact on parents and siblings 1.5 years after the July 2011 terror killings in Norway.Journal of Loss and Trauma,20(6), pp.556-576. Foster, T.L., Gilmer, M.J., Vannatta, K., Barrera, M., Davies, B., Dietrich, M.S., Fairclough, D.L. and Gerhardt, C.A., 2012. Changes in siblings after the death of a child from cancer.Cancer nursing,35(5), p.347. Gamino, L.A. and Ritter Jr, R.H., 2012. Death competence: An ethical imperative.Death Studies,36(1), pp.23-40. Herberman Mash, H.B., Fullerton, C.S. and Ursano, R.J., 2013. Complicated grief and bereavement in young adults following close friend and sibling loss.Depression and anxiety,30(12), pp.1202-1210. Kaplow, J.B. and Layne, C.M., 2014. Sudden loss and psychiatric disorders across the life course: toward a developmental lifespan theory of bereavement-related risk and resilience.American Journal of Psychiatry. Kaplow, J.B., Layne, C.M., Pynoos, R.S., Cohen, J.A. and Lieberman, A., 2012. DSM-V diagnostic criteria for bereavement-related disorders in children and adolescents: Developmental considerations.Psychiatry,75(3), pp.243-266. Kastenbaum, R.J., 2015.Death, society, and human experience. Routledge. Lichtenthal, W.G. and Breitbart, W., 2015. The central role of meaning in adjustment to the loss of a child to cancer: implications for the development of meaning-centered grief therapy.Current opinion in supportive and palliative care,9(1), pp.46-51. Lichtenthal, W.G., Neimeyer, R.A., Currier, J.M., Roberts, K. and Jordan, N., 2013. Cause of death and the quest for meaning after the loss of a child.Death studies,37(4), pp.311-342. Moos, R. ed., 2013.Coping with life crises: An integrated approach. Springer. Nakajima, S., Ito, M., Shirai, A. and Konishi, T., 2012. Complicated grief in those bereaved by violent death: the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder on complicated grief.Dialogues Clin Neurosci,14(2), pp.210-4. Neimeyer, R.A. ed., 2015.Techniques of grief therapy: Assessment and intervention. Routledge. Neimeyer, R.A., 2015. Meaning in bereavement. InWorld suffering and quality of life(pp. 115-124). Springer Netherlands. Parkes, C.M., 2013.Love and loss: The roots of grief and its complications. Routledge. Parkes, C.M., Laungani, P. and Young, W. eds., 2015.Death and bereavement across cultures. Routledge. Shear, M.K., 2012. Grief and mourning gone awry: pathway and course of complicated grief.Dialogues Clin Neurosci,14(2), pp.119-128. Shear, M.K., 2015. Complicated grief.N Engl J Med,2015(372), pp.153-160. Shear, M.K., Ghesquiere, A. and Glickman, K., 2013. Bereavement and complicated grief.Current psychiatry reports,15(11), pp.1-7. Simon, N.M., 2013. Treating complicated grief.JAMA,310(4), pp.416-423. Simpson, M.A., 2012.Dying, death, and grief: A critically annotated bibliography and source book of thanatology and terminal care. Springer Science Business Media. Steen, S.E., 2015. Perinatal death: bereavement interventions used by US and Spanish nurses and midwives.International journal of palliative nursing,21(2). Stroebe, M., Schut, H. and Van den Bout, J. eds., 2013.Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals. Routledge. Worden, J.W., 2013.Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner. springer publishing Company. Young, I.T., Iglewicz, A., Glorioso, D., Lanouette, N., Seay, K., Ilapakurti, M. and Zisook, S., 2012. Suicide bereavement and complicated grief.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience,14(2), pp.177-186.